Real-Time Dynamics of Patient Molecular Biology

The ability to study the real-time dynamics of molecular pathways in living humans remains extremely limited in time-resolution (frequency and duration) and scalability (beyond lab testing). Continuous, minimally invasive technologies are needed to improve our understanding of human physiology, accurately diagnose patients, and assess the impact of clinical interventions. Molecular engineering, particularly protein engineering, and integrated circuit design can be combined to develop new, miniaturized devices.